THE BIGGER HISTORICAL EVENTS AND THE VALIANT OTTOMAN SULTAN AND THE ISLAM CALIPHATE YAVUS SULTAN SELIM KHAN

 Yavuz Sultan Selim was the 9th Ottoman sultan who ruled from 1512 to 1520. He was known as a strong and capable ruler who expanded Ottoman territories significantly.

Born in 1470 in Amasya, Selim was the son of Sultan Bayezid II and the grandson of Mehmed II.

 He was raised in a royal court and received a comprehensive education, focusing on subjects such as zoology, theology, and military tactics.

In 1512, Selim ascended the throne after overthrowing his own father in a bloody coup. 

He immediately began his military campaigns, starting with the Safavid Empire, a Shia Muslim state that posed a threat to Sunni Ottomans in the east.

 In 1514, Selim led an army of 65,000 men to Chaldiran, where he defeated the Safavid army of 35,000 men and annexed Eastern Anatolia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia to the Ottoman Empire.

Selim's thirst for expansion continued as he next sought to conquer the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, another Sunni-Muslim state that had strained relations with the Ottomans.

 In 1516, Selim marched with his army to Syria, defeating the Mamluks just outside of Aleppo. Egypt fell to the Ottomans in the following year, marking the end of the Mamluk Sultanate and the beginning of the Ottoman control over the region.

During his reign, Selim also strengthened the Ottoman navy, which helped him to extend Ottoman territories into the Indian Ocean.

 He was also known for his generous support of religious institutions, including the construction of several mosques, schools, and libraries.

In 1520, Selim passed away at the age of 50 from an unknown illness, leaving

Sultan Selim I, also known as Selim the Grim, was the tenth Ottoman Sultan who ruled from 1512-1520. He was the son of Sultan Bayezid II.

Sultan Selim I is known for his military campaigns that expanded the Ottoman Empire's territorial boundaries. 

He started his reign by suppressing a rebellion by his brother, Ahmed, who had challenged his authority. He also eliminated potential rivals to his throne by executing his brothers and nephews.

Selim I is best remembered for his successful campaigns against the Safavid Empire of Iran. 

He conquered the city of Tabriz in 1514 and defeated the Iranian army in the Battle of Chaldiran. He then annexed parts of eastern Anatolia, Georgia, and the Caucasus, which effectively doubled the size of the Ottoman Empire.

In 1517, Selim I conquered Egypt and put an end to the Mamluk Sultanate. He also gained control of the Islamic holy cities of Mecca and Medina, making him the first Ottoman Sultan to claim the title of Caliphate.

Sultan Selim I was a devout Sunni Muslim who implemented strict Islamic laws in the Ottoman Empire.

 He outlawed the Shia branch of Islam and persecuted its followers. He also imposed harsh penalties on those who violated Islamic laws. Due to his strict rule, he gained the nickname "the Grim."

Selim I died in 1520, and his son, Suleiman the Magnificent, succeeded him as the Ottoman Sultan. 

Despite his short reign, Selim I's military campaigns and conquests expanded the Ottoman Empire and solidified its position as a major world power for centuries to come.